Ragas

Concept of Ragas


In the traditional music of India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, raga, often spelled rag (in northern India) or ragam (in southern India), is a melodic framework for improvisation and composition that is derived from Sanskrit and means "colour" or "passion." A raga's foundation is a scale with a predetermined set of notes, a particular arrangement for their appearance in melodies, and distinctive musical themes. A scale can be used to represent the fundamental elements of a raga (in some cases differing in ascent and descent). 

The performer aims to create a mood or atmosphere (rasa) that is particular to the raga in question by employing just these notes, accentuating specific degrees of the scale, and moving from note to note in ways peculiar to the raga. Several hundred ragas are now in use, and thousands more are theoretically possible.


The classification of ragas plays a significant part in Indian music theory, and for South Asian performers, raga is the most significant musical notion. In northern India, ragas are categorised based on factors including mood, season, and time; in southern India, ragas are categorised based on the specific qualities of their scales. The names of different ragas in the two systems may be different from those of comparable ragas, or vice versa.


Ragas have historically been connected to particular times of the day and seasons of the year, and they were believed to have supernatural powers like bringing rain or starting fires. The majority of public concerts today take place in the evening and are concentrated in the colder months of the year, despite the fact that certain performers still adhere to the onal affiliations. However, musicians frequently make reference to the conventional connotations of time and season in programmed notes or verbal introductions.

An average raga performance lasts for 30 minutes or longer. It could be totally improvised, or it could incorporate both improvisation and a memorized composition that exclusively employs the predetermined tones of the specified raga. See also Hindustani music, alapa, and Karnatak music.

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